Torque improved internal combustion engine



April 1961 A. H. ARNDT 2,981,243-

TORQUE IMPROVED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb; 16, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet l 4rranvEys April 25, 1961 A. H. ARNDT 2,981,243 TORQUE IMPROVED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. 16, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 4; THU? H.060 4mm 7 2,981,243 Patented Apr. 25, 1961 ice TORQUE IMPROVED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Arthur Hugo Amdt, Box 428, Magrath, Alberta, Canada Filed Feb. 16, 1960, Ser. No. 9,123

Claims. ('Cl. 123-78) This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the type having auxiliary cylinders positioned to coact with conventional cylinders for increasing the pressure and power, and in particular an internal combustion engine having cylinders and a crank shaft with auxiliary cylinders positioned at right angles to conventional cylinders and wherein pistons in the auxiliary cylinders are reciprocated by cams on the crank shaft.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine having a cam actuated auxiliary cylinder extended from one side of a conventional cylinder wherein a piston in the auxiliary cylinder co-acts with a conventional piston to obtain greater pressure in the combustion chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cam actuated auxiliary piston that co-acts with a conventional piston of an internal combustion engine to increase the fuel chamber and wherein a greater quantity of fuel is compressed into a relatively small area.

A further object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine having auxiliary cylinders extended at right angles from conventional cylinders of the engine and in which the pistons of the auxiliary cylinders are actuated by cams on the crank shaft of the engine to co-act with the conventional pistons for increasing-the pressure of the fuel charge.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine having cam actuated auxiliary pistons in combination with conventional pistons and cylinders for increasing the pressure of the charge at the time of firing and in which the engine is of a simple and economical construction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view the invention embodies a cylinder extended from the head or extended end of a cylinder of an internfl combustion engine, pistons in the cylinder of the engine and auxiliary cylinder, a crank shaft aligned with the cylinder of the engine and a cam on the crank shaft to which connecting rods from the pistons are eccentrically connected, and a lever pivotally mounted between the auxiliary cylinder and cam on the crank shaft for actuating a piston of the auxiliary cylinder by the cam.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a cross-section through an internal oom- 6 bustion engine showing a power piston of the engine on dead center and showing a piston of an auxiliary cylinder co-acting with the power piston for closing the head of the cylinder. The power piston is not in the firing position.

Figure 2 is a cross-section similar to that shown in Figure 1 showing the power piston slightly withdrawn and the piston of the auxiliary cylinder advanced whereby the pistons are in firing positions.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the engine showing a typical arrangement of the pistons and crank shaft with the parts as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a cross-section through the engine with the parts as shown in Figures 1 and 2 showing the power piston traveling toward the crank shaft in the pressure stroke.

Figure 5 is a cross-section through the cylinder block of the engine showing both the power piston and auxiliary piston in the exhaust stroke.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative positions of the pistons and cylinders. I

Referirng now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts the improved internal combustion engine of this invention includes a power piston 10 in a cylinder 11 with a piston rod 12 connected to the piston 10 by a pin 13 at one end and to a Cam 14 by an eccentrically positioned pin 15 at the opposite end; an auxiliary piston 16 in a cylinder 17 and pivotally connected by a pin 18 to a lever 19 that is pivotally mounted on a pin providing a fulcrum 20 and that is provided with a cam surface 21 that is positioned to engage the peripheral surface of the cam 14.

The outer end of the power piston 10 is provided with arcuate surfaces 22 and 23 and the outer end of the piston 16 is provided with similar arcuate surfaces 24 and 25. The surfaces 23 and 24 are formed with a common radius of curvature and these surfaces and also' surfaces 22 and 25 are patterned to co-act to provide seals between the pistons.

The cylinder head is provided with intake valves 26 and exhaust valves 27 and, as illustrated in Figure 2, wherein typical valve operating elements are shown, the valve 26 is actuated by a bellcrank 28 pivotally mounted on a bearing 29 by a pin 30 and the bellcrank is connected by a pin 31 to a rod 32 that is slidably mounted in a bearing 33 in a wall 34 of the engine housing or crankcase 35 and that is actuated by a roller 36 on a shaft 37. The shaft 37 actuates the valves through the rods 32 to which the shaft is connected by a universal joint 38. This operation is only suggested as the valves are operated by conventional means. The exhaust valves 27 are also actuated by similar bellcranks and cams or by conventional means.

In the design illustrated in Figure 4 the power piston is traveling outwardly in the power stroke and in this movement the auxiliary piston 16 remains stationary. With continued movement of the crank shaft the cam surface drops away permitting the pressure to drive the piston 16 downwardly with the end 21 of the lever 19 moving upwardly. In this movement the travel of both pistons away from the combustion chamber creates vacuum in the cylinders whereby fuel is drawn into inner ends of the cylinders. In the return movements of the pistons the fuel drawn into the ends of the cylinders is compressed providing a fuel charge under high pressure so that as the cycle of operations is repeated the fuel at high pressure is ignited. 1

In the diagram illustrated in Figure 6 a charge is taken at the point 36 wherein the pistons are in the position shown in Figure l and with the piston 16 stationary the V crank shaft, rotating in a clock-wise direction compresses the fuel charge, firing at the point 37, developing pressure and the power stroke continues to the point 38, at which point the exhaust opens wherein both pistons travel spring Operation With the parts assembled as illustrated and described the intake valve 26 and exhaust valve 27 are actuated by conventional means admitting fuel to the cylinders. The cylinders move away from the point of combustion as fuel is drawn in through the intake valve from a cylinder head 45 and in the return stroke the cylinders compress the fuel until the fuel is ignited by high pressure or by a conventional spark plug and in the compression stroke the cylinders are forced away from the position shown in Figure 2, to the position shown in Figure 5. In the return movement the exhaust valve opens permitting burnt gases to be discharged from the cylinders.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank case, a crank shaft positioned in the crank case, a power cylinder aligned with the axis of the crank shaft and extended from one side of the crank case, a power piston having concave surfaces in the outer end positioned in the power cylinder, a cam in the crank case and mounted on the crank shaft, a piston rod pivotally connected to the piston and eccentrically connected to the cam, an auxiliary cylinder extended at a right angle from the outer end of the power cylinder, an auxiliary piston having convex surfaces on the outer end mounted in the auxiliary cylinder and positioned whereby the convex surfaces co act with the concave surfaces of the power piston to seal the area between the pistons, and a lever pivotally mounted in the crank case and positioned with one end pivotally connected to the auxiliary piston and the opposite end positioned to engage the surface of the cam of the crank shaft.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank case, a crank shaft positioned in the crank case, a power cylinder aligned with the axis of the crank shaft and extended from one side of the crank case, a power piston having concave surfaces in the outer end positioned in the power cylinder, a cam in the crank case and mounted on the crank shaft, a piston rod pivotally connected to the piston and eccentrically connected to the cam, an auxiliary cylinder extended at a right angle from the outer end of the power cylinder, an auxiliary piston hav ing convex surfaces on the outer end mounted in the auxiliary cylinder and positioned whereby the convex surfaces co-act with the concave surfaces of the power piston to seal the area between the pistons, and a lever pivotally mounted in the crank case and positioned with one end pivotally connected to the auxiliary piston and the opposite end positioned to engage the surface of the cam of the crank shaft, the outer ends of the power and auxiliary cylinders having meshing arcuate surfaces thereon.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising a power cylinder, a power piston having concave surfaces in the outer end positioned in the power cylinder, a crank shaft,

a cam carried by the crank shaft, a piston rod positioned with the outer end pivotally connected to the power piston and with the inner end ecceutrical ly mounted on the cam, an auxiliary cylinder extended from one side of the power cylinder, the axis of the auxiliary cylinder being normal to the axis of the power cylinder, a piston having convex surfaces on the outer end mounted in the auxiliairy cylinder and positioned whereby the convex surfaces co-act with the concave surfaces of the power piston to seal the area between the pistons, a lever pivotally mounted in the engine and positioned with one end connected to the auxiliary piston and the opposite end positioned to be actuated by the cam.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination which comprises an engine housing having a power cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder therein, a crank shaft in the housing and positioned in alignment with the axis of the power cylinder, a cam mounted on the crank shaft, a power piston having transversely disposed concave surfaces in the outer end positioned in the power cylinder, a piston rod positioned with one end pivotally connected to the power piston and the opposite end eccentrically mounted on the cam, said auxiliary cylinder being normal to the power cylinder, an auxiliary piston having transversely disposed convex surfaces on the extended end positioned in the auxiliary cylinder, the convex surfaces of the auxiliary piston being positioned to mesh with the concave surfaces of the power piston, and a lever pivotally mounted in the engine housing and positioned with one end pivotally connected to the auxiliary cylinder and the opposite end positioned to engage the periphery of the cam.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination which comprises a cylinder block having a power cylinder therein, a crank case from which the cylinder block extends, a crank shaft having a cam thereon rotatably mounted in the crank case and positioned with the axis thereof in alignment with the axis of the power cylinder,

*a head on the outer end of the cylinder block, a power piston having concave surfaces in the extended end slidably mounted in the power cylinder, a connecting rod pivotally connected to the power piston at one end and positioned with the opposite end eccentrically connected to the cam, said cylinder block having an auxiliary cylinder positioned normal to the power cylinder, an auxiliary piston having convex surfaces on the end in. the auxiliary cylinder and positioned whereby said convex surfaces co-act with the concave surfaces of the power piston for sealing the passage between the power cylinder and auxiliary cylinder, a lever pivotally mounted in the cylinder block and positioned with one end connected to the auxiliary piston and the opposite end bearing against the peripheral surface of the cam whereby the cam actuates the auxiliary piston, intake and exhaust valves in said cylinder head, and cams for actuating the intake and exhaust valves.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,138,919 Willey et al. May 11, 1915 1,393,132 Hutchinson Oct. 11, 1921 1,574,574 Hale Feb. 23, 1926 1,654,701 Powell Jan. 3, 1928 

